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Take of & Landing

Takeoff and landing performance of aircraft - are characteristics that allow to determine the size and class airports at which aircraft can be operated. It is primarily the length of the runway during take-off (from the place give full gas engines to place the separation wheel chassis from the surface of the airfield) and the path length during landing (from the place of contact of wheel-terminal to the point of stopping an aircraft). In addition to these data, the value of interest rates on takeoff, that is, by tearing off the wheels from the airport - take-off speed and landing at the time of contact of wheels with an airfield - landing speed.

Air Carriers

Carrying capacity - the weight of cargo, including passengers transported by plane, at any given flight at a given flight weight and fuel supplies. Sometimes referred to as capacity use the term payload.
The development of aviation science and technology have allowed to steadily improve the speed, altitude and range aircraft throughout its history. Confirmation of this position is the data on progress on the aircraft speed record of height and distance.
Despite the fact that most of the records were obtained on a special aircraft, the results achieved in a short time became the property of production aircraft. To further increase the speed, the calculations show, it would require a significant increase in engine power, which significantly increases its weight and size. According to these parameters piston engine becomes unprofitable for the aircraft. In addition, with increasing engine power increase the diameter of the air
screws and the ends of its blades started to operate at supersonic speeds. At these speeds increased wave loss on the blades and the efficiency of the rotor is greatly reduced.
Needed a radically new type of engine, which had been conducted. So was the turbojet engine (turbojet) with gas turbines and compressors which created cravings without propeller. With the advent of turbojet engine started a new period of development of the flight characteristics of aircraft.

Facts

Since 1945, all the speed records set on the aircraft with jet engines.
Characteristic of this period was the achievement of near-and supersonic speed on the fighters and bombers, as well as on passenger aircraft.